International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications (IJCNA)

Published By EverScience Publications

ISSN : 2395-0455

MENU
International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications (IJCNA)

International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications (IJCNA)

Published By EverScience Publications

ISSN : 2395-0455

A Comprehensive Survey on Routing Schemes and Challenges in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)

Author NameAuthor Details

Poonam T. Agarkar, Manish D. Chawan, Pradeep T. Karule, Pratik R. Hajare

Poonam T. Agarkar[1]

Manish D. Chawan[2]

Pradeep T. Karule[3]

Pratik R. Hajare[4]

[1]Electronics Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

[2]Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

[3]Electronics Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

[4]The Pearl Engineering Solutions, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

Cite this Article

DOI: 10.22247/ijcna/2020/205320

Pages : 193 - 207

 Download PDF

3368

Views

Abstract

This paper adds to the broad investigation of routing protocols in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). It summarizes the contributions of different researchers in improving the overall performance of WSNs by developing various new and modified routing techniques for general and specific applications in the various field of engineering and technology. A pool of almost 60 research papers and more than 20 survey papers related to various routing techniques were studied thoroughly and represented in a lucid form to help future researchers to contribute effectively in the field of sensor networks. The survey papers considered for this literature are classified for routing algorithms based on the quality of service (QoS), intelligence-based routing (IBR), and routing for dedicated applications while the current research work is distinguished based on cluster head selection phenomenon, forwarding node and other factors contributing to the performance improvement of routing algorithms as per the current focus on routing is concerned. A comparative analysis of the latest contributions in the paper mainly focuses on routing schemes, the parameters are taken into account, and comparison to existing routing techniques as a large amount of research work was concentrated on reducing energy consumption during routing, energy balancing followed by increasing network lifespan, reducing delay, PDR and throughput. The main aim as per the paper included in our study was to design a routing strategy that would keep the network activity for a longer period as possible by reducing the energy required for various operations by an individual sensor node and maintain the overall energy of the nodes to be balanced over their lifetime. Lastly, the paper contributes to discussing the challenges in constructing a routing protocol (RP) for WSN considering the interdependency of various network parameters.

Index Terms

Routing Protocols

WSNs

QoS

IBR

Cluster Head

Energy Balancing

Network Lifespan

Reference

  1. 1.
    S. Misra et al. (eds.), “Guide to Wireless Sensor Networks”, Computer Communications and Networks, Springer-Verlag London Limited 2009, ISBN 978-1-84882-217-7.
  2. 2.
    Giordano S., Stojmenovic I., “Position Based Routing Algorithms for Ad Hoc Networks: A Taxonomy”, In: Cheng X., Huang X., Du DZ. (eds) Ad Hoc Wireless Networking. Network Theory and Applications, Boston, MA, Springer, vol. 14, pp. 103-136, 2004.
  3. 3.
    L. D. Nardis and M. G. D. Benedetto, “Overview of the IEEE 802.15.4/4a standards for low data rate Wireless Personal Data Networks,” In 4th Workshop on Positioning, Navigation and Communication, pp. 285–289, March 2007.
  4. 4.
    Santar Pal Singh and S. C. Sharma, “A survey on cluster-based routing protocols in wireless sensor networks”, International conference on advance computing technologies and applications, procedia, Computer Science, Elsevier, vol, 45, pp. 687-695, 2015.
  5. 5.
    S. Mishra, R. Bano, S. Kumar and V. Dixit, "A literature survey on routing protocol in wireless sensor network", 2017 International Conference on Innovations in Information, Embedded and Communication Systems (ICIIECS), Coimbatore, pp. 1-4, 2017.
  6. 6.
    Olayinka O. Ogundile and Attahiru S. Alfa, “A Survey on an Energy-Ef?cient and Energy-Balanced Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks”, Sensors (Basel), 17(5), 1084, 2017.
  7. 7.
    Ketshabetswe, Lucia Keleadile, et al. "Communication protocols for wireless sensor networks: A survey and comparison." Heliyon 5.5 (2019): e01591.
  8. 8.
    Shahul Hameed A. and Berlin Hency V., “A literature review on routing methods for wireless sensor networks”, International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, vol. 120, no. 7, pp. 343-351, 2018.
  9. 9.
    Mohammed Salman Arafath, Khaleel Ur Rahman Khan and K. V. N. Sunitha, “Pithy Review on Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks and Least Routing Time Opportunistic Technique in WSN”, 10th international Conference on Computer & Electrical Engineering, IOP Conf. Series, Journal of Physics, 11-13 October, Edmonton, Canada, 2017.
  10. 10.
    Kundaliya, B.L., Hadia, S.K. Routing Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks: Analysed and Compared. Wireless Pers Commun 110, 85–107 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-019-06713-3.
  11. 11.
    Kumar J., Tripathi S. and Tiwari R. K., “A survey on routing protocols for wireless sensor networks using swarm intelligence’, International Journal of Internet Technology and Secured Transactions, vol. 6, No. 2, pp.79–102, 2016.
  12. 12.
    Kalpana Guleria and Anil Kumar Verma, “Comprehensive review for energy efficient hierarchical routing protocols on wireless sensor networks”, Wireless Networks, vol. 25, Issue 3, pp. 1159-1183, 2019.
  13. 13.
    Kaur T. and Kumar D., “Computational intelligence-based energy efficient routing protocols with QoS assurance for wireless sensor networks: a survey’, Int. J. Wireless and Mobile Computing, vol. 16, no. 2, pp.172–193, 2019.
  14. 14.
    Al-Mousawi, A.J. Evolutionary intelligence in wireless sensor network: routing, clustering, localization and coverage. Wireless Netw 26, 5595–5621 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-019-02008-4
  15. 15.
    Mohamed, Reem E., Ahmed I. Saleh, Maher Abdelrazzak, and Ahmed S. Samra. "Survey on wireless sensor network applications and energy efficient routing protocols." Wireless Personal Communications 101, no. 2 (2018): 1019-1055.
  16. 16.
    Islam, Tariq, and Yong Kyu Lee. "A Comprehensive Survey of Recent Routing Protocols for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks." Sensors 19.19 (2019): 4256.
  17. 17.
    M Khalil, A Khalid, FU Khan and A Shabbir, “A Review of Routing Protocol Selection for Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Cities”, 24th Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications (APCC), IEEE, pp. 610-615, 2018.
  18. 18.
    Lin Li, Donghui Li, "An Energy-Balanced Routing Protocol for a Wireless Sensor Network", Journal of Sensors, vol. 2018, 12 pages, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8505616.
  19. 19.
    Istwal, Yasha, and Shashi Kant Verma. "Dual cluster head routing protocol with super node in WSN." Wireless Personal Communications 104.2 (2019): 561-575.
  20. 20.
    Amine Rais, Khalid Bouragba, Mohammed Ouzzif, "Routing and Clustering of Sensor Nodes in the Honeycomb Architecture", Journal of Computer Networks and Communications, vol. 2019, 4861294, 12 pages, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4861294.
  21. 21.
    Liang, H., Yang, S., Li, L. et al. Research on routing optimization of WSNs based on improved LEACH protocol. J Wireless Com Network 2019, 194 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-019-1509-y.
  22. 22.
    Hamzah, Abdulmughni, et al. "Energy-efficient fuzzy-logic-based clustering technique for hierarchical routing protocols in wireless sensor networks." Sensors 19.3 (2019): 561.
  23. 23.
    Wu, H., Zhu, H., Zhang, L., & Song, Y. (2019). Energy Efficient Chain Based Routing Protocol for Orchard Wireless Sensor Network. Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology, 14(5), 2137-2146.
  24. 24.
    Thangaramya, K., Kulothungan, K., Logambigai, R., Selvi, M., Ganapathy, S., & Kannan, A. (2019). Energy aware cluster and neuro-fuzzy based routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks in IoT. Computer Networks, 151, 211-223.
  25. 25.
    Chithaluru, Premkumar, Rajeev Tiwari, and Kamal Kumar. "AREOR–Adaptive ranking based energy efficient opportunistic routing scheme in Wireless Sensor Network." Computer Networks 162 (2019): 106863.
  26. 26.
    Mengjia Zeng, Xu Huang, Bo Zheng, Xiangxiang Fan, "A Heterogeneous Energy Wireless Sensor Network Clustering Protocol", Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, vol. 2019, 11 pages, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7367281.
  27. 27.
    Aranzazu-Suescun, C., & Cardei, M. (2019). Anchor-based routing protocol with dynamic clustering for Internet of Things WSNs. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2019(1), 130.
  28. 28.
    Rodríguez, Alma, Carolina Del-Valle-Soto, and Ramiro Velázquez. "Energy-Efficient Clustering Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Yellow Saddle Goatfish Algorithm." Mathematics 8.9 (2020): 1515.
  29. 29.
    Kashif Naseer Qureshi, Muhammad Umair Bashir, Jaime Lloret, Antonio Leon, "Optimized Cluster-Based Dynamic Energy-Aware Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks in Agriculture Precision", Journal of Sensors, vol. 2020, 19 pages, 2020.
  30. 30.
    Anamika Walter, Manoj Singh and Shankar Sharan Tripathi, “Energy efficient routing protocol in wireless sensor network”, International Journal of Computer Engineering and Technology (IJCET), vol. 11, Issue 2, pp. 31-48, March-April 2020.
  31. 31.
    Nalluri Prophess Raj Kumar and Josemin Bala Gnanadhas, “Cluster Centroid-Based Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for WSN-Assisted IoT”, Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal, vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 296-313, 2020.
  32. 32.
    Turki Ali Alghamdi, “Energy efficient protocol in wireless sensor network: optimized cluster head selection model”, Telecommunication Systems, Springer, vol. 74, pp. 331-345, 2020.
  33. 33.
    Mehta, Deepak, and Sharad Saxena. "MCH-EOR: Multi-objective cluster head based energy-aware optimized routing algorithm in wireless sensor networks." Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems 28 (2020): 100406.
  34. 34.
    El Khediri, S., Khan, R. U., Nasri, N., & Kachouri, A. (2020). Energy efficient adaptive clustering hierarchy approach for wireless sensor networks. International Journal of Electronics, 1-20.
  35. 35.
    Shivkumar S. Jawaligi and G. S. Biradar, “QoS oriented and delay tolerant WSN routing protocol for data gathering in IoT ecosystem”, International Journal of Internet Technology and Secured Transactions, vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 480-487, 2018.
  36. 36.
    Habib Mostafaei, “Energy-Ef?cient Algorithm for Reliable Routing of Wireless Sensor Networks”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 66, Issue 7, pp. 4467-4475, July 2019.
  37. 37.
    N. Z. Cedeño, O. P. Asqui and E. E. Chaw, "The performance of QoS in wireless sensor networks", 2019 14th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI), Coimbra, Portugal, pp. 1-5, 2019.
  38. 38.
    Haseeb K., Abbas N., Saleem M. Q., Sheta O. E., Awan K., Islam N., et al., “RCER:Reliable Cluster-based Energy-aware Routing protocol for heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks”, PLoS ONE 14(9), 2019.
  39. 39.
    Layla Aziz, Hanane Aznaoui, "Efficient Routing Approach Using a Collaborative Strategy", Journal of Sensors, vol. 2020, Article ID 2547061, 17 pages, 2020.
  40. 40.
    R. Sunitha, J. Chandrika, “Evolutionary Computing Assisted Wireless Sensor Network Mining for QoS-Centric and Energy-efficient Routing Protocol”, International Journal of Engineering (IJE), IJE Transactions B: Applications, vol. 33, No. 5, pp. 791-797, May 2020.
  41. 41.
    Srivastava, Vikas, Sachin Tripathi, and Karan Singh. "Energy efficient optimized rate based congestion control routing in wireless sensor network." Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 11.3 (2020): 1325-1338.
  42. 42.
    A. Hawbani et al., "Zone Probabilistic Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks", in IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 728-741, 1 March 2019.
  43. 43.
    Miyandoab, Fardin Derogarian, João Canas Ferreira, and Vítor M. Grade Tavares. "Analysis and evaluation of an energy-efficient routing protocol for WSNs combining source routing and minimum cost forwarding." Journal of Mobile Multimedia 14.4 (2018): 469-504.
  44. 44.
    X. Wang, Y. Peng and L. Huang, "An Improved Unequal Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks," 2019 International Conference on Intelligent Transportation, Big Data & Smart City (ICITBS), Changsha, China, pp. 165-169, 2019.
  45. 45.
    Selvi M., Thangaramya K., Ganapathy S. et al., “An Energy Aware Trust Based Secure Routing Algorithm for Effective Communication in Wireless Sensor Networks”, Wireless Pers. Commun., vol. 105, pp. 1475–1490, 2019.
  46. 46.
    Deebak, Bakkiam David, and Fadi Al-Turjman. "A hybrid secure routing and monitoring mechanism in IoT-based wireless sensor networks." Ad Hoc Networks 97 (2020): 102022.
SCOPUS
SCImago Journal & Country Rank

Announcements

Archives

Downloads

Contact Us

Dr.M. Milton Joe
EverScience Publications,
Nagercoil, Tamilnadu,India

Talk to Us

+91 9442777224

Email Us

editor@ijcna.org

info@ijcna.org

info@everscience.org

Quick Links

Follow Us

Copyright © 2023; EverScience Publications

Designed & Maintained By Shiro Software Solutions