International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications (IJCNA)

Published By EverScience Publications

ISSN : 2395-0455

MENU
International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications (IJCNA)

International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications (IJCNA)

Published By EverScience Publications

ISSN : 2395-0455

A Novel Dynamic Link Prediction Protocol for Frequent Link Disconnections in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Author NameAuthor Details

H. Ateeq Ahmed, Dhanaraj Cheelu

H. Ateeq Ahmed[1]

Dhanaraj Cheelu[2]

[1]Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Anantapur, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India

[2]Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dr. K. V. Subba Reddy Institute of Technology (Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University), Anantapur, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India

Cite this Article

DOI: 10.22247/ijcna/2023/223429

Pages : 834-849

 Download PDF

305

Views

Abstract

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) face challenges in maintaining communication links due to their large network sizes and rapidly changing topologies. Frequent link disconnections can impact the performance of vehicular applications, which are crucial for Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). The objective of the research is to develop a dynamic link prediction protocol (NDLP) that can predict when a link is likely to become unavailable. By predicting link disconnections in advance, the protocol aims to reroute data packets through alternative paths to ensure uninterrupted communication. In this paper, a novel dynamic link prediction protocol (NDLP) is proposed to determine the duration of availability of the current path. This protocol predicts the duration of current path availability, aiming to pre-emptively predict connection breakdowns and reroute data packets via alternate paths. The proposed methodology involves the use of Newton's divided difference interpolation to assess the presence of active links to adjacent nodes. This technique employs historical data or real-time measurements to predict the future state of links. The primary focus is on predicting link disconnections before they occur and pre-emptively rerouting packets using an alternative path. The estimation of the time of link breakage and the ability to select the best route before the link breakage is analysed. Simulation results have proven the effectiveness of NDLP protocol with its counterpart protocols in terms of delay, packet delivery ratio and throughput.

Index Terms

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Link Disconnections

Link Discovery

Link Prediction

Novel Dynamic Link Prediction

NDLP

Reference

  1. 1.
    J. Liu, S. Chen, G. Gui, H. Gacanin, H. Sari and F. Adachi, "Failure Detector Based on Vehicle Movement Prediction in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks," in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, doi: 10.1109/TVT.2023.3266106.
  2. 2.
    H. A. Ahmed and D. Cheelu, "A Study of Routing Mechanisms in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks for Reliability," 2023 5th International Conference on Smart Systems and Inventive Technology (ICSSIT), Tirunelveli, India, 2023, pp. 604-612, doi: 10.1109/ICSSIT55814.2023.10060876.
  3. 3.
    M. Harayama and M. Mishioka, "Link Quality-Aware Geographic Predictive Routing for V2V Network Based on GPSR," 2023 International Technical Conference on Circuits/Systems, Computers, and Communications (ITC-CSCC), Jeju, Korea, Republic of, 2023, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/ITC-CSCC58803.2023.10212525.
  4. 4.
    V. Mehta, G. Mapp and V. Gandhi, "Exploring New Traffic Prediction Models to build an Intelligent Transport System for Smart Cities," NOMS 2022-2022 IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium, Budapest, Hungary, 2022, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/NOMS54207.2022.9789926.
  5. 5.
    L. Yao, X. Xu, J. Deng, G. Wu and Z. Li, "A Cooperative Caching Scheme for VCCN With Mobility Prediction and Consistent Hashing," in IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 23, no. 11, pp. 20230-20242, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1109/TITS.2022.3171071.
  6. 6.
    S. A. Elsayed, S. Abdelhamid and H. S. Hassanein, "Predictive Proactive Caching in VANETs for Social Networking," in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 71, no. 5, pp. 5298-5313, May 2022, doi: 10.1109/TVT.2022.3148720.
  7. 7.
    R. Zhang, X. Wang, P. Cheng and J. Chen, "A Novel Pseudonym Linking Scheme for Privacy Inference in VANETs," 2020 IEEE 91st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2020-Spring), Antwerp, Belgium, 2020, pp. 1-5, doi: 10.1109/VTC2020-Spring48590.2020.9128900.
  8. 8.
    K. Koufos and C. P. Dettmann, "The Meta Distribution of the SIR in Linear Motorway VANETs," in IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 67, no. 12, pp. 8696-8706, Dec. 2019, doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2019.2940659
  9. 9.
    M. Naresh, A. Raje and K. Varsha, "Link Prediction Algorithm for Efficient Routing in VANETs," 2019 3rd International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC), Erode, India, 2019, pp. 1156-1161, doi: 10.1109/ICCMC.2019.8819723.
  10. 10.
    C. Zhang et al., "P3R: Realizing Robust Routing for VANET Using Trajectory Prediction and Crossroad Recognition," 2019 IEEE 25th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS), Tianjin, China, 2019, pp. 695-702, doi: 10.1109/ICPADS47876.2019.00103.
  11. 11.
    H. Wang, W. Cheng, X. Lu and H. Qin, "A Improved Routing Scheme based on Link Stability for VANET," 2019 14th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA), Xi'an, China, 2019, pp. 542-546, doi: 10.1109/ICIEA.2019.8834026.
  12. 12.
    F. Lyu et al., "DBCC: Leveraging Link Perception for Distributed Beacon Congestion Control in VANETs," in IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 4237-4249, Dec. 2018, doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2018.2844826.
  13. 13.
    T. Qiu, X. Wang, C. Chen, M. Atiquzzaman and L. Liu, "TMED: A Spider-Web-Like Transmission Mechanism for Emergency Data in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks," in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 67, no. 9, pp. 8682-8694, Sept. 2018, doi: 10.1109/TVT.2018.2841348.
  14. 14.
    H. Ghafoor and I. Koo, "CR-SDVN: A Cognitive Routing Protocol for Software-Defined Vehicular Networks," in IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 1761-1772, 15 Feb.15, 2018, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2017.2788014.
  15. 15.
    M. Laroui, A. Sellami, B. Nour, H. Moungla, H. Afifi and S. B. Hacene, "Driving Path Stability in VANETs," 2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2018, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2018.8647450.
  16. 16.
    M. Balfaqih, M. Ismail, R. Nordin and Z. A. Balfaqih, "802.21-Assisted Distributed Mobility Management Solution in Vehicular Networks," in IEEE Access, vol. 5, pp. 9518-9532, 2017, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2702282.
  17. 17.
    H. Yang, M. Yu and X. Zeng, "Link available time prediction based GPSR for vehicular ad hoc networks," 2017 IEEE 14th International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC), Calabria, Italy, 2017, pp. 293-298, doi: 10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000107.
  18. 18.
    J. Zhang, M. Ren, H. Labiod and L. Khoukhi, "Link Duration Prediction in VANETs via AdaBoost," GLOBECOM 2017 - 2017 IEEE Global Communications Conference, Singapore, 2017, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2017.8254663.
  19. 19.
    S. Bharati and W. Zhuang, "CRB: Cooperative Relay Broadcasting for Safety Applications in Vehicular Networks," in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 65, no. 12, pp. 9542-9553, Dec. 2016, doi: 10.1109/TVT.2016.2598488.
  20. 20.
    A.Ayubkhan, A.R.MohamedShanavas, Dr. Khalid Idrissi, "Link Prediction And Link Establishment Based On Network Nodes Life Time In Mobile Ad Hoc Network", Volume 5 Issue 9 September 2016.
  21. 21.
    N. Alsharif, K. Aldubaikhy and X. S. Shen, "Link duration estimation using neural networks based mobility prediction in vehicular networks," 2016 IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE), Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2016, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/CCECE.2016.7726793.
  22. 22.
    G. Zhioua, N. Tabbane, H. Labiod and S. Tabbane, "A Fuzzy Multi-Metric QoS-Balancing Gateway Selection Algorithm in a Clustered VANET to LTE Advanced Hybrid Cellular Network," in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 804-817, Feb. 2015, doi: 10.1109/TVT.2014.2323693.
  23. 23.
    S. Shelly and A. V. Babu, "Prediction of link residual lifetime using Kalman filter in vehicular ad hoc networks," 2015 IEEE Recent Advances in Intelligent Computational Systems (RAICS), Trivandrum, India, 2015, pp. 268-273, doi: 10.1109/RAICS.2015.7488426.
  24. 24.
    A. U. Khan and B. K. Ratha, "Time series prediction QoS routing in software defined vehicular ad-hoc network," 2015 International Conference on Man and Machine Interfacing (MAMI), Bhubaneswar, India, 2015, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/MAMI.2015.7456576.
  25. 25.
    A. Joshi and R. Kaur, "A novel multi-cast routing protocol for VANET," 2015 IEEE International Advance Computing Conference (IACC), Banglore, India, 2015, pp. 41-45, doi: 10.1109/IADCC.2015.7154665.
  26. 26.
    H. Gabteni, B. Hilt, F. Drouhin, J. Ledy, M. Basset and P. Lorenz, "A novel predictive link state indicator for ad-hoc networks," 2014 IEEE Global Communications Conference, Austin, TX, USA, 2014, pp. 149-154, doi: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2014.7036799.
  27. 27.
    A. O’Driscoll and D. Pesch, “An infrastructure enhanced geographic routing protocol for urban vehicular environments,” in Proc. IEEE WiVeC, Dresden, Germany, 2013, pp. 1–5
  28. 28.
    G. Li and L. Boukhatem, “Adaptive vehicular routing protocol based on ant colony optimization,” in Proc. IEEE VANET, Taipei, China, May 2013, pp. 95–98. https://doi.org/10.1145/2482967.2482971
  29. 29.
    P. Sahu, E. Wu, J. Sahoo, and M. Gerla, “Bahg: Back-bone-assisted hop greedy routing for vaneta?r´s city environments,” IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 199–213, Mar.2013. 10.1109/TITS.2012.2212189.
  30. 30.
    E. D. N. Ndih and S. Cherkaoui, "Toward neighborhood prediction using Physical-Layer Network Coding," 2012 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Ottawa, ON, Canada, 2012, pp. 676-680, doi: 10.1109/ICC.2012.6364405.
  31. 31.
    W. Viriyasitavat, F. Bai and O. K. Tonguz, "Dynamics of Network Connectivity in Urban Vehicular Networks," in IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 515-533, March 2011, doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2011.110303.
  32. 32.
    M. Jerbi, S. -M. Senouci, T. Rasheed and Y. Ghamri-Doudane, "Towards Efficient Geographic Routing in Urban Vehicular Networks," in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 58, no. 9, pp. 5048-5059, Nov. 2009, doi: 10.1109/TVT.2009.2024341.
  33. 33.
    J. Zhao and G. Cao, "VADD: Vehicle-Assisted Data Delivery in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks," in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 1910-1922, May 2008, doi: 10.1109/TVT.2007.901869.
  34. 34.
    S. Kamali and J. Opatrny, “A position based ant colony routing algorithm for mobile ad-hoc networks,” Journal of Networks, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 459–462, Apr. 2008.
  35. 35.
    K. -T. Feng, "LMA: Location- and Mobility-Aware Medium-Access Control Protocols for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks Using Directional Antennas," in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 56, no. 6, pp. 3324-3336, Nov. 2007, doi: 10.1109/TVT.2007.906874.
  36. 36.
    V. Naumov and T. Gross, “Connectivity-aware routing (car) in vehicular ad hoc networks,” in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, Anchorage, USA, May 2007, pp. 1919–1927.
SCOPUS
SCImago Journal & Country Rank

Announcements

Archives

Downloads

Contact Us

Dr.M. Milton Joe
EverScience Publications,
Nagercoil, Tamilnadu,India

Talk to Us

+91 9442777224

Email Us

editor@ijcna.org

info@ijcna.org

info@everscience.org

Quick Links

Follow Us

Copyright © 2023; EverScience Publications

Designed & Maintained By Shiro Software Solutions